Long before sulfur entered medicine, industry or war, microorganisms helped create the yellow crystals displayed here. Contrary to popular belief, most native sulfur formed not in volcanoes but in sedimentary rocks through chemical processes involving bacteria. Over centuries, sulfur became essential to alchemy, gunpowder and, later, the manufacture of sulfuric acid, one of the foundations of modern chemistry. Although the specimens displayed here are native sulfur, Lyon’s nineteenth-century chemical industry relied largely on sulfur extracted from pyrite, an iron sulfide known as “fool’s gold”. Mined near Sain-Bel, west of the city, pyrite supplied the chemical works of Perrache, Pierre-Bénite and Saint-Fons, linking sulfur’s different mineral forms to the geological and industrial history of the Rhône.

Discover also

  • Passer d'un rêve à l'autre / To pass from one dream to another

Marine Lanier – série Alchimia, 2025

Museum of Contemporary Art of Lyon (macLyon)

Museum of Contemporary Art of Lyon (macLyon)

  • Passer d'un rêve à l'autre / To pass from one dream to another

Ouassila Arras – Photos de famille, 2018

Museum of Contemporary Art of Lyon (macLyon)

  • Passer d'un rêve à l'autre / To pass from one dream to another

Matthew Harris – Inalienable Possession, 2026

Museum of Contemporary Art of Lyon (macLyon)

  • Passer d'un rêve à l'autre / To pass from one dream to another

Alice Guy – La Fée aux choux ou la naissance des enfants, 1900

Museum of Contemporary Art of Lyon (macLyon)

  • Passer d'un rêve à l'autre / To pass from one dream to another

Karlos Gil – Origin, 2023

Museum of Contemporary Art of Lyon (macLyon)

  • Passer d'un rêve à l'autre / To pass from one dream to another

Kirtika Kain

Museum of Contemporary Art of Lyon (macLyon)

  • Passer d'un rêve à l'autre / To pass from one dream to another

Álvaro Urbano – Untitled, 2026

Museum of Contemporary Art of Lyon (macLyon)

  • Passer d'un rêve à l'autre / To pass from one dream to another

Huong Dodinh – X.K.N 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 2025

Museum of Contemporary Art of Lyon (macLyon)